I know there is still a lot of summer left. But in just a few weeks, students will be back in school and fall will be here in the blink of an eye. Although our summer gardens are going strong, it is time to start thinking about getting our fall vegetables planted. Believe it or not, fall is a great gardening season!

When you think about it, fall weather is much like spring – warm daytime temperatures and cool nights. Rainfall is typically more abundant in the fall than summer (although we have had plenty this summer) so less irrigation is needed and fall gardens often have fewer insect pest and disease problems. Combine all of these and you have the ingredients for a great garden! And of most importance is the taste of the produce grown. Flavors of fall grown vegetables are often sweeter and milder in taste than those grown during hot summer weather.

Some of the best vegetables for a fall garden are lettuce, spinach, radishes, beets, cabbage, turnips and carrots because of their frost-tolerance. These vegetables can be planted directly into your garden wherever space can be found – next to plants still growing in the garden like tomatoes, cucumbers and pumpkins. Plant mid-August until the first week of September.

Left over seed from spring planting can be used as long as it was stored in a cool, dry location. To speed up germination and seedling emergence, soak the seeds overnight before planting. If you are purchasing new seed, look for the shortest season cultivars that you can find to insure harvest before a killing frost. The average fall freeze date for our area is around October 24 according to the Weather Data Library on the K-State campus.

Sometimes establishing a fall garden can be difficult during the summer when soil temperatures are extremely high. One way to avoid this is to establish plants in containers or pots for transplanting into the garden later in the season when the weather begins to cool. Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, and collards can be grown in cooler protected areas for 2-4 weeks prior to setting in the garden. Be sure to acclimatize crops for several days before transplanting directly into the garden.

Garden soil should be prepared just like for spring. An application of fertilizer will probably be necessary for optimum plant growth. Use one pound of a complete analysis fertilizer, such as 12-12-12, applied per 100 square feet of garden area. Weeds and grasses will also grow well in a fall garden so mulching may be warranted.

Everyone gets geared up to plant vegetables in the spring, but the fall season offers many benefits to gardening. Few take advantage of the season, but consider giving it a try this year.

The Extension office has the “Vegetable Garden Planting Guide” publication available free of charge. This guide offers information such as days to first harvest, days to germination, planting depth, frost resistance, and more.

Krista Harding is a K-State Research and Extension Agricultural agent assigned to Southwind District. She may be reached at [email protected] or 620-244-3826.

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Replacing Your Social Security Card Just Got Easier in Kansas

Your Social Security card should be kept in a safe place with your other important papers and avoid giving it out unnecessarily. Even with best intentions, it may get misplaced. Keep in mind you may not need a replacement, sometimes simply knowing your Social Security number is enough.

If you do need a replacement, the state of Kansas has made it easier. Kansas residents now have the ability to request a Social Security card replacement online, allowing you to skip the in-person appointment process. Replacing your card is quick, secure, and free.

To replace your card online, first you will need to log in or create your My Social Security account. Your personal information is protected by using identity verification and other security features. To set up an account go to https://www.ssa.gov/myaccount/.

To replace your card online, you must also meet certain criteria. This includes being a U.S. Citizen age 18 or older with a U.S. mailing address, cannot be requesting a name change or any other change to your card, and must have a driver’s license or state-issued identification card from one of the states participating in this program.

My Social Security is an online service provided by the Social Security Administration (SSA) that allows you to review your earnings history, check current or future benefits, and access other Social Security services. You can also use your My Social Security account to:

• Check applications.
• Set up direct deposit for your benefit payment.
• Change your address or phone number.
• Request a benefit verification letter.
• Request a replacement of tax forms SSA-1099 or SSA 1042S.
• Check the status of a pending claim or appeal of disability.

Submitted by: Carla Nemecek, Southwind Extension District Director

In January 2019, the Southwind Extension District 4-H Livestock Judging Team of Jillian Keller (Piqua), Brody Nemecek (Iola), Haydon Schaaf (Uniontown), and Clay Brillhart (Fort Scott) were named Reserve National Champions at the National Western 4-H Livestock Judging Contest in Denver, Colorado. In recognition as a winning team, they were awarded an invitation to compete internally at the Royal Highland Show in Scotland and at the Charleville Show in the Republic of Ireland, June 19-July 3, 2019.

The Royal Highland Show was a top-notch livestock show similar to what could be found at the American Royal or National Western Stock Show. The Southwind District 4-H youth were divided into pairs, and each pair judged a different species. Jillian Keller and Clay Brillhart formed the Kansas 4-H Sheep Team and earned recognition as the Reserve Champion Sheep Judging Team. Haydon Schaaf and Brody Nemecek were the Cattle Team and were 7^th. No overall results were announced, but combined division scores reveal that the Kansas 4-H Team was Reserve Team Overall, behind a 4-H team from Virginia. Individually, Jillian Keller was 2^nd in Sheep; Brody Nemecek 5^th in Cattle; Clay Brillhart 7^th in Sheep and Haydon Schaaf 14^th in Cattle.

The biggest part of the International Livestock Tour included agriculture seminars, tours and opportunities to enhance leadership skills and education through interaction with the citizens of the UK and Ireland. They toured a variety of livestock operations, including a water buffalo milking facility that produced their own mozzarella cheese; a sheep milking operation that produced their own blue cheese; a progressive 3-ring sale barn; and a Waygu beef feeding facility that raised 5-year old steers that are sold at a retail price of $50,000 each. One of the most memorable tours was on a farm that raised Highland cattle and owned a bull that came from the Queen’s own herd.

In addition to the agriculture tours, the Kansas youth also wore kilts in Scotland, rode the London Eye in England and kissed the Blarney Stone in Ireland. The International Livestock Tour included American 4-H and FFA Teams from 9 different states who had all earned the opportunity to travel by winning either a Champion or Reserve title at a National Livestock Judging Contest.

To raise funds for the Tour, the Southwind team sold stock in the Livestock Judging Team and will be hosting a shareholders meeting on Friday, August 2, 2019, at the Liberty Theater in Fort Scott, KS. Shareholders will be treated to dinner and a detailed explanation of the learning opportunities encountered on the Tour so they can see the return on their investment in the 4-H Livestock Judging Team.

Carla Nemecek

Southwind Extension District
Director & Agent
[email protected]
620-365-2242
1 North Washington, Iola, KS 66749

…

What an unusually rainy spring and summer we have had! Our soils have definitely been saturated for several weeks now. You may think that watering won’t be needed for quite some time since soil moisture levels are very high. However, watering may be needed much sooner than you think.

Excessive rain can drive oxygen out of the soil and literally drown roots. Therefore, as we enter hotter, drier weather, the plants with damaged root systems may be very susceptible to lack of water. Don’t forget to check your plants for signs of wilting or leaf scorching and water as needed.

The excessive rainfall has also depleted our soils of nitrogen. If your annual flowers haven’t been overly impressive yet, they may need a shot of fertilizer.

Annual flowers have been bred to flower early and over a long period of time. Providing nitrogen through the growing season (side-dressing) will help maintain flower display. A high nitrogen fertilizer applied every four to six weeks is helpful during a rainy summer or if flower beds are irrigated.

Common sources of nitrogen-only fertilizers include nitrate of soda, urea, and ammonium sulfate. Use only one of the listed fertilizers and apply at the rate given:

• Nitrate of soda (16-0-0) – Apply ¾ pound fertilizer per 100 square feet
• Urea (46-0-0) – Apply ¼ pound fertilizer per 100 square feet
• Ammonium sulfate (21-0-0) – Apply ½ pound fertilizer per 100 square feet

If you cannot find the above materials, you can use a lawn fertilizer that is about 30 percent nitrogen (nitrogen is the first number in the set of three) and apply it at the rate of 1/3 pound per 100 square feet. Do not use a fertilizer that contains a weed killer or a weed preventer.

Removing spent flowers or “deadheading” will help some plants bloom more profusely. Annuals focus their energy on seed production to ensure that the species survives. If old flowers are removed, the energy normally used to produce seed is now available to produce more flowers. Deadheading is as easy as pinching the plant between the thumb and finger, but tough, wiry stems will require the use of scissors or pruning shears.

Plants that do increase blooms in response to deadheading include hardy geraniums, coreopsis, some petunias, marigolds, snapdragons, begonias, some roses, zinnias, sweet peas, salvia, blanket flower, and yarrow.

There are some “self-cleaning” plants on the market now. These plants drop their spent flowers and bloom again and do not require manual deadheading. In many cases, they are sterile varieties – bred not to produce seeds. The petunia and rose varieties that are “self-cleaning” continue to excel in the home garden market because of their low maintenance and blooming power.

If you need help with any horticulture topic, give me a call. My current office schedule is Monday and Friday – Erie; Tuesday – Iola; Wednesday morning – Yates Center; Wednesday afternoon – Chanute Recreation Commission and Thursday – Fort Scott.

Krista Harding is a K-State Research and Extension Agricultural agent assigned to Southwind District. She may be reached at [email protected] or 62-244-3826.

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

National Insurance Awareness Day, What to Review

Insurance is one of those things we don’t think about until we need it, but we know it is important in many aspects of our lives. Insurance gives us a way to care for and protect our families in the event of an injury, accident or unplanned event. National Insurance Awareness Day serves as a reminder to review insurance policies. Here are a few suggestions of what and how to review your policies.

Make the call. Make an appointment or have a phone conversation reviewing your policies and coverage to understand your rates and benefits. You can ask about current promotions, services, or lock-in rates as well as changes in your premiums. Discounts come and go, but certain long-term promotions can help save you more money over time. If your policy isn’t reviewed until it’s time to renew, you could be missing out on added savings.

Take charge to change your rates. Whether it is taking an online defensive driving course, going the gym a few times a week, or putting in a home security system, these doable actions can lead to added savings on your various insurance policies.

Check out the competition. Insurance shopping does not evoke the fun of buying a new pair of shoes, but if you are always on the hunt for the best deal, comparing rates could save you money. Knowing your options gives you the most power and the best chance to save money.

As life changes, so might your policy. If job changes lead to less driving or your teenager goes off to college without the car, your insurance company might re-evaluate your rates. As for home insurance, changes in marital status and remodeling your home can affect those rates. Different stages in life may require different types of insurance such as transitioning from life insurance to long term care insurance or health insurance options.

Take advantage of this day to review your existing insurance policies, making sure they are up to date and meet the coverage you need. The most common insurances include life, car, home/renter’s, health, flood, umbrella, jewelry, and business owners. These policies offer a layer of protection in a variety of ways, review the types of insurance you have or may benefit from to cover any gaps and needs you may have.

Bagworms are a yearly pest in our area and can cause considerable damage. Most homeowners typically don’t get too concerned about bagworm control until they see large bags present on plants. By then it is too late and the damage is already done! Now is the time to get your treatment game plan ready.

Bagworms overwinter as eggs deposited in the female bags. From mid-May through mid-June, larvae hatch from the eggs and exit from the bottom opening of the old bag. Larvae begin constructing their miniature silk-lined bags immediately. Only after the bags have been completed do the larvae begin actual feeding activities. And as the larvae grow, so do their bags. By mid-to late August when feeding activities are complete, larvae firmly anchor their bags to the twigs and branches on which they were feeding.

Bagworms are most commonly found on eastern red cedar and junipers. However, bagworms can attack arborvitae, spruce and pine. Broadleaf trees, shrubs and ornamentals can also serve as a host to bagworms. After bagworms have defoliated a host plant, they are capable of migrating in search of additional food sources. They may attack the same species from which they came or a completely different species.

The damage caused by bagworm feeding can be minimal to severe. As larvae enter their later development stages, they require greater amounts of food. Sometimes in what seems to be just overnight, bagworms can completely defoliate a tree. Several successive years of heavy foliar feeding can result in the death a tree, especially with conifers.

There are two ways to control bagworms – cultural and chemical. Cultural practice is used by those who do not want to utilize insecticidal sprays to control bagworms. Instead, bagworms are eliminated by handpicking individual bags from plants. This is best done in the winter months when bags stand out against a trees background color. Keep in mind that a single missed bag could result in a thousand new bagworm larvae. Of course handpicking becomes impractical when a host is literally covered with bags or it is too tall to make handpicking possible.

Chemical control is most effective when larvae are in their early developmental stages. Generally, bagworm larvae will begin emerging from the overwintering bag by mid-to late May. Hatching does not happen overnight. Instead, hatching can continue for 4 to 5 weeks. Controls applied in late summer are often a waste of time and expense because the larvae are large, tough and may have stopped feeding. Now is the time to find the correct insecticide and get the sprayers out and ready for the job ahead.

For more information on bagworm control, please contact me at one of our Southwind Extension District office locations.

Krista Harding is a K-State Research and Extension Agricultural agent assigned to Southwind District. She may be reached at [email protected] or 620-244-3826.

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.