Category Archives: K-State Extension

Starlite Family and Consumer Education Club Minutes February 2024

 

 

 

President Glenda Miller opened the meeting with a presentation on the meaning of the Pledge of Allegiances.  Vice President Joyce Allen led the club in reciting the Pledge and the Club Collect.  Twelve members were in attendance and reported that they had volunteered twenty-two hours and had recycled six hundred and eighty-five pounds of paper and cardboard.

 

Glenda recognized the January and February birthdays with a bag of puff corn treats.  Glenda also read a piece “You know you are from Kansas if” in celebration of Kansas Day and presented a quiz on President Washington and Lincoln in honor of Presidents Day.  Joyce Allen took first place with a perfect score.

 

Doris Ericson presented the Treasurer’s report.  She announced that she turning in our Best Choice labels and reminded us to continue saving them.  A Thank you card from the Veteran’s Hospital in Topeka was presented to the club.

 

Old Business consisted of a report that the Valentine cards had been delivered to the Nursing homes and to Tri-Valley.  Terri Williams announced that she had contacted the American Legion to see if we could reproduce the coloring book on the Bill of Rights which is no long in print.  We would have to fill out a form and get their permission first.  They suggested we go to their website and see the available products.  The club also discussed their plan to gather and send shoe boxes for Operation Christmas Child.

 

The Club members are to bring a dozen plastic Easter Eggs and a bag of candy to the next meeting.  The eggs will be presented to the Tri-Valley clients.  Other new business was the Bourbon County Fair.  Letha Johnson moved that we donate $50 to open class, Taylor Bailey seconded the motion, motion carried.  The Club also moved to participate in the Hay Bale and Scarecrow contest.

 

Doris Ericson moved that the meeting be adjourned, Joyce Allen second the motion, motion carried, meeting adjourned.

 

After the meeting Taylor Bailey presented the lesson on “Senior Living,” which educated us on options available and when and where to seek assistance.

 

Refreshments of Cherry Cheesecake, chocolate kisses, nut and drinks were provided by Letha Johnson and Taylor Bailey and enjoyed by all.  Glenda also had a Valentine’s game for the club after the meeting.

 

Prepared by

Terri Williams

 

Turn Babysitting in to a Business

Cassidy Lutz
K-State Research and Extension 
Family and Consumer Science Agent 
Southwind District 
211 W. Butler 
Yates Center, KS 66783
620-625-8620

K-State Research and Extension Southwind District – Family and Consumer Science Agent

Turn Babysitting in to a Business

School breaks are the perfect times for pre-teens and teenagers to earn some extra money by getting a job and with schools out for spring break and summer vacation, there will be an influx of parents seeking childcare. These two factors provide youth with a wonderful job opportunity – babysitting!

Youth work experiences provide many benefits. Personal growth that results from early work experiences help youth build their soft skills, which are character traits and interpersonal skills needed for all jobs throughout life. It also helps build their resume and leads to higher-paying future jobs.

Babysitting can be a fun way for young adults to earn money fast! Here are some other benefits:

  • Enhancing communication skills – By working for parents, sitters learn communication skills that will carry over to all other lines of work in the future. Caregivers must build strong relationships with families to show they are reliable and can be trusted to take care of young children. Working with young children also requires leadership, conflict management, and problem-solving skills that many places of employment look for in candidates.
  • Gaining valuable work experience – Experience in childcare can be beneficial for both the sitter’s personal and professional life. If they are considering pursuing a career involving young children, this provides them with first-hand experience of what that might look like on a day-to-day basis. It is also great for personal development as it prepares them for future parenting and caregiving roles. If they have a younger sibling at home that they watch on occasion, it also makes them more aware of how to care for and interact with them to create positive experiences.
  • Earning potential and flexibility – Babysitting jobs offer a source of income that is wonderful for students who want a job but might not be able to take on a 40-hour work week. Sitters have the control to make their work schedule and take on as many or as few jobs as they wish to, depending on their capabilities, prior obligations, and drive to work.
  • Building a sense of responsibility and empathy – Taking care of someone else’s child requires both of these skills. Sitters must prioritize the safety and well-being of the child(ren) in their care while also considering the child(ren)’s wants and needs. This balancing act helps build character and develops essential life skills for the provider.

To empower young entrepreneurs with the essential skills needed to become a babysitter, the Southwind Extension District is hosting clinics for youth ages 12-18. Topics of focus will include leadership skills, job readiness, child safety, and cooking skills and nutrition. There will also be hands-on CPR and First Aid training. For more information on dates, location, and times, visit our website at https://www.southwind.k-state.edu/ or contact Cassidy Lutz at [email protected] or call 620-625-8620.

 

Children and Traumatic Events

Jennifer Terrell, K-State Extension Agent

Natural disasters, family changes such as divorce, death, serious injury, or community violence can be traumatic for both children and adults. Everyone needs time to process the traumatic events. Children often experience disasters differently than adults and they need to have developmentally appropriate explanations of them.

 

Children can experience the effects of disasters months and years after the events. Some will express the effects outwardly through behaviors. Others will focus internally on their own thoughts and emotions. Keep in mind that neither response is preferable to the other, and both can have negative effects on a child’s development.

 

Parents and other trusted adults need to be prepared to address questions and responses to the disaster. It is okay to struggle to figure out what to say when a disaster occurs. Finding the appropriate words when children are not coping well is also challenging. Here are some things you can do to help a child’s sense of well-being from Dr. Wiles and Dr. Kiss of K-State Research and Extension:

  • Reassure the child that you are still together, and that you will be there to help for as long as you can.
  • Return to pre-disaster routines to the extent possible. This helps children feel more secure and safe.
  • Make sure you are taking care of yourself. It can be difficult to care for your own child when you are not coping well.
  • Talk with your child about your feelings about the disaster. When appropriate let them know about plans for recovery.
  • Let children know that experiencing intense and unpredictable responses to disastrous events is natural and normal. Although the behaviors are difficult to manage, it is important to keep patient and mindful. Validating their sometimes hard to understand feelings of anger and sadness provides children with meaningful support.
  • When your role allows, hold and comfort the child. There is no substitute for the warmth, protection, and feeling of safety experienced in the arms of loved ones.
  • Create an emergency plan, and let your children know that you have a plan in case the situation ever happens again. Letting children help plan for emergencies can reduce anxiety they feel about the uncertainty of a future disaster.
  • When possible, help others who are coping with disasters. Volunteer, provide childcare to volunteers, send food, encouraging letters, and toys or other items to help other families recovering from a disaster.
  • Encourage children to draw, write, or tell stories about their experiences.

 

Children and adults experience and adjust to disasters in a variety of ways. It is up to everyone in a community to recognize negative effects, help children cope with disasters, and take care of children and themselves in the aftermath of traumatic events. While the passage of time can help, there is no substitute for patient, caring, honest, and supportive adults helping children who are recovering from traumatic events in their lives.

 

For more information on Youth Development or 4-H, contact Jennifer K. Terrell, District 4-H Youth Development Agent – Southwind Extension District at 620-223-3720 or [email protected].

Habit Stacking for Heart Month

Clara Misenhelter (Wicoff) Submitted photo 2023

 

 

By Clara Misenhelter

Southwind Extension District

 

Did you know that heart disease is the leading cause of death in our country? February is American Heart Month, which makes it a great time to focus on your heart health. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the following healthy habits for preventing heart disease:

  • Pick healthy foods and drinks.
  • Maintain a healthy weight.
  • Be physically activity regularly.
  • Do not smoke.

 

You can learn more about the CDC’s recommendations at cdc.gov/heartdisease/prevention.htm.

 

It may sound easy enough to implement these healthy habits, but adopting new habits can be easier said than done. “One of the best ways to build a new habit is to identify a current habit you already do each day and then stack your new behavior on top. This is called habit stacking,” according to James Clear, author of Atomic Habits. For example, if you want to make regular physical activity a habit that lasts long beyond Heart Month, you might consider trying habit stacking. One habit you probably already do every day is take your shoes off after work. On his website (jamesclear.com/habit-stacking), Clear suggests that you can try stacking that current habit with a new behavior of immediately changing into clothes and shoes to exercise.

 

The American Heart Association also has helpful habit stacking recommendations. For example, they recommend stacking the daily habit of brushing your teeth with a little bit of movement (like doing five squats). They also suggest stacking the habit of going to the grocery store with parking further away so that you can get more steps in. You can learn more about their suggestions at heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-lifestyle/habits/fit-bits.

 

I encourage you to join me in picking a new habit to try stacking this Heart Month! For more information, please contact me at [email protected] or 620-365-2242. To receive the “Wellness For You and Community, Too!” e-newsletter published monthly by the Southwind District, visit bit.ly/southwindnews.

 

Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

 

Tips for Starting Seeds

Krista Harding is a K-State Research and Extension Horticulture agent assigned to Southwind District. She may be reached at [email protected] or 620-244-3826.

If you have ever tried to start plants from seed, you know it can be tricky. But is very rewarding when you have success! Here are eight steps to help ensure you have nice healthy transplants when planting time arrives.

  1. Purchasing Seed – obtain your seeds from a reputable source including garden centers and seed catalogs. If choosing seed from a business that does not specialize in plants, pay special attention to the package date to make sure the seed was packaged for the current year. Though most seed remains viable for about 3 years, germination decreases as seed ages.
  2. Determine the Date to Seed – there are two pieces of information that needs to be known in order to determine the date to seed transplants: the target date for transplanting outside and the number of weeks needed to grow the transplant. Then do some counting.
  3. Sowing Seed – do not use garden soil to germinate seed as it is too heavy and may contain disease organisms. Use a media made especially for seed germination.
  4. Keep Seed Moist – seed must be kept moist in order to germinate. Water often enough that the media never dries. Using a clear plastic wrap over the top of the container can reduce the amount of watering needed. Remove the wrap after the seedlings emerge.
  5. Light – most plants will germinate in either darkness or light. All plants require adequate amounts of light once emergence occurs. South facing windows will not provide adequate amounts so fluorescent or LED fixtures should be used. Regardless of the type of light used, leave the light on for 16 hours each day.
  6. Temperature – the temperature needed for best germination is often higher than what we may find in our homes. A heat mat is best for consistent germination. Once plants have germinated, they can grow in cooler temperatures (65 to 70 degrees during the day and 55 to 60 degrees at night).
  7. Plant Movement – plants react to movement. Brushing over the plants with your hand stimulates them to become stockier and less leggy. Try brushing 20 strokes per day. But keep in mind that brushing will not compensate for lack of light or over-crowding. Plants grown under inadequate light will always be spindly.
  8. Hardening Plants – plants grown inside will often undergo transplant shock if not hardened off. Plants are hardened off by moving them outside and exposing them to sun and wind before transplanting occurs. Start about two weeks before transplanting and gradually expose the plants to outside conditions. Increase the number of hours and degree of exposure over the two-week period.

I can’t stress enough how important it is to have adequate light to ensure the growth of healthy plants. It is fairly easy and inexpensive to make a homemade grow light using a four-foot shop light and PVC pipe. We have a supply list and instructions available in our office if you would like to make a DIY grow light.

If you would like to attend an in-person seed starting class, we have four scheduled for this month – February 13 – Thayer; February 15 – Toronto; February 20 – Uniontown; and February 22 – Humboldt. Classes are from 6-7 pm and the fee is $5. To register, please call 620-365-2242.

 

Krista Harding is a K-State Research and Extension Horticulture agent assigned to Southwind District. She may be reached at [email protected] or 620-244-3826.

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

 

 

 

 

Starlite FCE Minutes January 2024

The January meeting of the Starlite FCE was held at the Presbyterian Village meeting room.  Vice President Joyce Allen called the meeting to order and led the Club in reciting the Pledge of Allegiance and the Club Collect.

 

Thirteen member and two guests were in attendance.  The members reported that they had volunteered eighteen hours and had recycled ten pounds.  The meeting of the previous meeting was read and approved.  Doris Ericson presented the treasurer’s report.  Doris reported that the club members had donated $160 to Preferred Living and that she had forwarded the money along with $80 donated by others.  Doris Moved that the Club purchase our Wreaths across America this month since you can get two for the price of one.  Deb Lust seconded the motion, motion carried.

 

Karen Peery presented some coloring books she had from the American Legion that we may use for our Citizenship project.  Terri Williams was going to inquire if we could reproduce them and report at the next meeting.  Letha Johnson moved that the meeting be adjourned, Deb Lust seconded the motion, motion carried, meeting adjourned.

 

After the meeting Claudia Wheeler and Ida Ford presented the lesson on Operation Christmas Child along with the help of Donna Burschell.  Claudia and Donna had recently traveled to North Caroline to help with the packing and shipping of the Shoe boxes for Operation Christmas Child.  The club received many tips and ideas of items to make and pack.

 

Refreshments of Sunflower cupcakes, mints, coffee and water was provided by Betty Johnson and Joyce Allen and enjoyed by all.

 

Prepared by

Terri Williams

 

Know Your Numbers for a Healthy You

 

Tara Soloman-Smith, Family and Wellness Agent, Sunflower District of Kansas State University’s Extension Office. Submitted photo.

I recently completed my annual wellness checkup, including the essential step of having my blood drawn. While I tend to procrastinate on this particular task, I am well aware of its vital importance. Now, let me share some valuable insights on the significance of knowing your numbers:

Cholesterol

  • A waxy substance found in the fats (lipids) in your blood crucial for building and maintaining healthy cells and hormones. It has no symptoms so many people may not be aware of their risk.
  • The recommended target cholesterol level is less than 200 milligrams per deciliter of blood.
  • About 25% of cholesterol comes from food (meat, fish, dairy), and the rest is produced by the body.
  • There are two forms of cholesterol

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) — also known as the “bad” cholesterol much can form plaque, clogging arteries and leading to heart disease and stroke.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) — the “good” cholesterol, helps clean the artery walls and removes excess bad cholesterol.

 

Triglycerides

  • A type of fat in the bloodstream that provides energy for body tissues to function
  • Like cholesterol, high triglyceride levels (over 200 mg/dL) increase the risk of heart disease.
  • Dietary and lifestyle changes help lower triglyceride levels:
    • Avoid fatty foods and foods high in cholesterol such as processed meat, fried food, and whole-fat dairy products
    • Choose to eat fruits, vegetables, and nonfat or low-fat dairy
    • Opt for foods high in good, unsaturated fats.

Blood Pressure

  • Is the force of blood against the walls of your arteries and can vary due to many factors
  • Normal blood pressure is usually less than 120/80 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury)
  • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Facts

Factors like age, diet (too much sodium, too little potassium, calcium, magnesium), excess alcohol, smoking, obesity, high cholesterol, lack of exercise, stress, and insulin resistance can contribute.  It often has no obvious symptoms but can damage the heart, brain, eyes, and kidneys.

  • Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure) Facts

Happens when blood flow is lower than normal and can be caused by dehydration and nutrient deficiency.  Signs can include dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, thirst, lack of concentration, blurred vision, nausea, and fatigue.

 

Blood Sugar

  • Blood sugar, or glucose, is a type of sugar in the blood and is a primary fuel for the body. It comes from carbohydrates including sugars, starches, and fiber.
  • The Mayo Clinic emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet with healthy carbohydrates including: Fiber-rich fruits and vegetables without added sugar, whole grains, Low-fat dairy, beans and legumes, and limited sugar
  • Fasting blood sugar, which is measured six to eight hours after a meal provides an accurate measure in non-diabetic individuals.
  • The normal range of blood sugar is approximately 70 to 100 milligrams per deciliter. After a meal, blood sugar will rise but not usually above 135 to 140 milligrams per deciliter, leaving a fairly narrow range of blood sugar throughout the entire day.

 

Track Your Heart Health Stats, Together

Keeping a log of your blood pressure, weight goals, physical activity, and if you have diabetes, your blood sugars, will help you stay on a heart-healthy track. Ask your friends or family to join you in the effort. Check out NHLBI’s my health tracker here:  https://bit.ly/3OfjjEF.

 

Today’s information comes from Keys to Embracing Aging:  Know Your Health Numbers Fact Sheet.  More information, contact Tara Solomon-Smith, [email protected], or call 620-244-3826.

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Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service

Grant Writing Workshop on Feb. 6 and Feb. 8

Do you know how that playground equipment at the park down the street was purchased? Or the new sign leading visitors to a local landmark? How about initial money for a festival? In any community, chances are that someone, or a group of individuals, wrote a grant proposal and received funding to help with the project. Grants are a way the government funds ideas and projects to provide public services and stimulate the local economy. Grants can come from many other sources as well like local foundations, corporations, or local government.  K-State Research and Extension’s Community Vitality Team offers grant writing training for local communities because grants are an important component of sustainable funding.

Individuals and community groups can learn more about writing successful grant proposals at an online workshop planned by K-State Research and Extension in Southwind District on Feb. 6th & 8th from 1:30 to 4:30 P.M. The workshop is presented by Nancy Daniels, a community vitality specialist with K-State Research and Extension and the author of many grant proposals. Participants can register online at https://bit.ly/47Fn39P. The cost to attend is $60.

“This workshop is for everyone, whether they’ve never written a proposal before and have no idea where to start, to those who have experience but are looking for ways to improve their approach,” Daniels said. “The magic that happens in a local community when people find out they don’t have to wait to get something done, that they can do it themselves, is incredible.”

Participants also learn from each other, she said, adding that even experienced grant writers pick up tips and are reenergized after coming together with peers in their communities. Participants are encouraged to bring their grants or grant ideas to share.

Workshop topics include:

  • Conquering your grant writing fears and start writing
  • Identifying sources of data for community needs (where do you find the numbers to back up your request?)
  • Where to find grants
  • Practicing the grant writing elements: Problem, Outcomes, Activities, Evaluation and Budget.

Southwind District is looking forward to working with Nancy Daniels and bringing this valuable workshop to our District! For More information and registration assistance, contact Community Vitality Agent, Amanda Clasen at [email protected] or at 620-244-3826.

Women’s Health Matters

Cassidy Lutz
K-State Research and Extension 
Family and Consumer Science Agent 
Southwind District 
211 W. Butler 
Yates Center, KS 66783
620-625-8620

 

With the turning of the calendar from 2023 to 2024, many Americans have likely set their News Year’s resolution to stick to “healthier” habits or routines. According to a research study conducted by the Fisher College of Business, 43% of people quit their resolutions by the end of January.

One cause for this high failure rate could be that our beliefs about “healthy” habits are based on opinions, not facts. There is a lot of information on the internet related to health topics. Whether it’s the newest drug to help with fat loss or a miracle workout routine that will give you a shredded 6-pack of abs, it can be hard to determine what is and is not a reliable resource that you can put your trust in. If you don’t see instant results as promised by all the false information, you will probably find yourself being part of that 43% statistic.

For that reason, the K-State Research and Extension Living Well Wednesday team has dedicated the 2024 Winter Series to topics focused on women’s health. Sleep is a Superpower was the subject of the first program on January 10th. During this presentation, specialist Michelle Lane debunked some of the common misconceptions around sleep and helped participants understand how vital sleep is to their everyday well-being. Personally speaking, I didn’t understand the impact that sleep has on all aspects of health until I heard her presentation. The session was recorded and can be view on the Living Well Wednesday website at https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/.

The next two topics are Women’s Health and Functional Medicine on February 14th and Navigating Diets, Supplements, and Women’s Health in a Confusing World on March 13th. Both programs are held virtually via Zoom from 12:10 – 1:00 pm and will be recorded for later viewing. Registration is still open for these programs and can be completed at https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/. Upon registering, participants will receive a link to access the live Zoom session.

Don’t get lost in all the latest and greatest quick information on health. Your health is something to take very seriously and now is your chance to hear from experts in the field! For more information, contact Cassidy Lutz at [email protected] or by calling 620-625-8620.

Southwind Judging Teams Earn National Recognition 

Left to right: Brady Hurt, Carly Dreher, Tate Crystal, Kyser Nemecek, Emery Yoho, Reegan McDaniel, Jade Parrish, Carla Nemecek

 

A team of 4-H members from southeast Kansas has won the national livestock judging title, scoring a four-point win over Oklahoma at the Western National 4-H Roundup in Denver.

 

The Southwind Extension District team tallied 2,546 points in contests that involved judging cattle, goats, sheep, swine and oral reasons. Kyser Nemecek and Reegan McDaniel led the team individually, scoring 864 and 850 points for second and fifth place, respectively.

 

Oklahoma was the national runner-up with 2,542 points, and Texas was third at 2,536. Twenty-six teams and ninety-seven youth from across the US were entered in the national competition. The Kansas 4-H team placed second in goat, sheep and swine judging; and third in cattle and reasons. Its’ combined total, however, was good enough for the overall team title.

 

In addition to Nemecek (Iola) and McDaniel (Fort Scott), team members include Tate Crystal (Fort Scott) and Emery Yoho (Yates Center).

 

The team continues to be coached by Carla Nemecek. Brady Hurt and Carly Dreher, former members of the Southwind livestock team and Jade Parrish a current Kansas State University student served as assistant coaches for the contest.

 

The Southwind team had previously won the Kansas state championship in 4-H livestock judging. The win at the Western National 4-H Roundup qualifies them for an opportunity to travel to Scotland and England this summer, June 18 – July 3, 2024.

The contests are only a small piece of the international trip that will include agriculture seminars and opportunities to enhance leadership skills through interaction with the citizens of the UK and Ireland. The trip is limited to only nine American teams each year, and these Southeast Kansas youth will be the third team from the Southwind District in 19 years to earn the honor. In 2019 the Southwind team of Jillian Keller, Haydon Schaaf, Brody Nemecek and Clay Brillhart made the trip over the pond, and in 2005 a Neosho County 4-H team – Ryan Page, Trent Page, Clem Neely and Bailey Shaw were able to participate in the Scotland contest.

Although exciting, this opportunity comes with a price tag of about $6500 per person to attend. Fundraising efforts will soon be underway to send these youth on an international trip of a lifetime. Should you be interested in investing in this unique 4-H opportunity, please contact the Southwind Extension District at 620.365.2242.

 

 

Fight the Post-Holiday Blues

Clara Misenhelter (Wicoff) Submitted photo 2023

 

 

By Clara Misenhelter

Southwind Extension District

 

The transition from the holidays to the start of a new year can be difficult to navigate for many reasons. Post-holiday blues are just one reason why you might be feeling down this time of year. Do you remember Garfield the cat’s famous hate for Mondays? Post-holiday blues have been compared to these “Sunday scaries” or the “Sunday blues,” which are the letdown feelings that some people experience on Sunday because their weekend is ending. Similarly, post-holiday blues are the letdown feeling that many people experience after the holidays. According to Colorado State University, this can be accompanied by lower energy, increased fatigue, and resistance to going back to work.

 

So, what can be done to combat the post-holiday blues? Dr. Crystal Schiller, an associate professor at UNC-Chapel Hill, recommends planning to spend time with a friend you did not see over the holidays, doing something small (like listening to your favorite music) to bring yourself joy, and getting tasks done. The final item in this list can help raise your spirits by bringing you a sense of accomplishment. Other things you can try to combat post-holiday blues include practicing gratitude daily, engaging in physical activity, and watching something funny. Both physical activity and laughter release endorphins, which have been described as “the body’s natural painkillers” in one article from Harvard Health Publishing.

 

Practicing mindfulness is yet another thing you can try to combat post-holiday blues. In his book “Wherever You Go, There You Are,” Jon Kabat-Zinn writes: “Mindfulness means paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally. This kind of attention nurtures greater awareness, clarity, and acceptance of present-moment reality.” He also writes that it “provides a simple but powerful route for getting ourselves unstuck.” This route to getting unstuck is one that may be particularly useful in fighting post-holiday blues. Try committing just five minutes of your day to practicing mindfulness by focusing on your breathing and letting your thoughts float away like clouds. To learn more about practicing mindfulness, visit bit.ly/southwindmindfulness.

 

It is important to note that post-holiday blues differ from depression. If your symptoms worsen or do not go away, seek professional help. If you or someone you know is in crisis or seeking emotional support, call or text 988 to connect with the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. You can also chat with them online at 988lifeline.org/chat.

 

Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.